Aeroplane.



244! AtHUNAUHUb 1 m m 4i a A. J. KLONECK. AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22, 1913- 1,145,319. Pafented July 6, 1915.

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR Allorney A. l. KLONECK.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.22. 1913.

WITNESSES Attorney COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.. WASHINGTON, D c.

Z44. AthUm-w 1 R AUGUST J. KLONECK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1915.

Application filed January 22, 1913. Serial No. 743,584.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, AUGUST J. KLoNEoK, a citizen of Germany, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the class of aeroplanes and more particularly to what may be termed a safety aeroplane.

The primary object of the invention is to provide an aeroplane in which one or more planes are employed to sustain the machine in its flight.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for maintaining the equilibrium of the machine by manipulating the main planes, such planes adapted to be manipulated to maintain the machine in its upright position while in flight, and to right the same if thrown out of balance. This construction obviating the necessity of the stability planes commonly employed in aeroplanes of this character.

A further object of the invention is to provide suitable means, such as wheels, for supporting the machine when upon the ground, which consists in placing the axis of rotation of said wheels at a distance be neath the body portion of the machine, to enable the wheels to move vertically during the landing of the machine, thus avoiding to a great extent the jar or jolt usual attending the alighting of the machine.

A still further object of the invention is to provide suitable means for instantaneously and expeditiously adjusting the several planes to maintain the balance of the machine, and further to provide certain other features of construction to be herein-v after fully set forth and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views and in which:

Figure 1, is a side elevation, partly broken away in the machine complete, Fig. 2, is a top plan view, Fig. 3, is a front elevation, and, Fig. 4, is a detail perspective view of the mechanism employed for adjusting the planes.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings wherein is illustrated the preferred form of my invention, the numeral 1, designates the body portion or frame of the machine, the forward and rear extremities being tapered as at 2 and 3 respectively. The rear extremity of the machine has adustably secured thereto a suitable rudder l operated by any suitable mechanism such as a sprocket 5 and chain 6, clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. By placing the main portion of the rudder below the center of gravity of the machine, a slight turning of the same will impart the desired movement thereto.

The means employed for elevating and forwarding the machine comprises a plurality of propellers, certain of which, numbered 7, are carried upon each side of the machine and disposed at an angle thereto, while the main propeller 8 is disposed beyond the forward extremity of the body or frame 1. Motion is imparted to all of the said propellers through the medium of one or more suitable motors 9.

While but one motor has been illustrated. in the drawings two are used, the forward motor operating the propeller 8 and the two forward sides propellers 7, and the other motor operating the two rear side propellers also numbered 7. A shaft 10 extends at an angle from the forward motor 9 upon the extremity of which is mounted the propeller 8 while the side propellers 7 are mounted upon shafts 11 journaled within suitable brackets 12 attached to and projecting from the side of the frame. Sprocket chains 13 connect the motor shaft 10 and the shafts 11, thus it will be seen that motion is imparted to all of the front propellers by the motor 9. By disposing and rotating the propellers 7 and 8 at an angle to the machine body, both an upward and a forward movement is imparted to the machine at one and the same time, thus obviating the necessity of employing gears and other mechanism usually found upon other machines of this type where independent elevating and forwarding propellers are used.

For the purpose of sustaining the machine during its flight, I have provided a plurality of parallel planes 14 pivotally connected as at 15 to a similar number of vertically extending parallel rods 16. Each rod 16 is adapted to support two parallel spaced apart planes, one above the other; one end of the planes being connected through the medium of a link 17 for the purpose of imparting movement to the top plane according to the movement of the lower.

The lower plane of each pair of planes 14 is pivotally secured as at 18 to a horizontal extending rod 19, which rod is connected to a similar parallel rod 20 by means of a plurality of connecting rods 21, the purpose of which will be hereinafter fully described.

By raising and lowering the rods 19 and 20, the planes 14 are held or adjusted. Such adjustment is accomplished and controlled from the interior of the frame through the medium of a pair of hand operating adjusting rods 21, one rod extending toward the forward end of the rod 20 and the other toward the rear end therof so that the adj ustment of all of the planes is simultaneous.

The adjusting rods 21 are journaled within suitable brackets 22 and extend within the interior of the body or frame through openings 23 within the top thereof, the upper end of each rod being provided with a worm gear 24 adapted to mesh with a segmental rack 25 keyed upon the cross rod 26,.

the latter journaled within suitable brackets 27 secured upon the top of the frame.

Each rod 26 has keyed or otherwise rigidly secured thereto one end of a link 27, the front end being pivotally connected as at 28 to the rod 29, adapted to be in turn connected to a collar 30 secured to a lower horizontally extending rod 20. By this arrangement it will be seen that upon the operation of both adjusting rods 21 a minute adjustment of or a raising and lowering of the rods 19 and 20 and incidentally the planes 14 is permitted, thereby controlling the rise and fall of the machine.

The planes being narrow and above the center of gravity of the machine, side or stability planes are rendered unnecessary, as the minute adjustment accorded the planes by reason of the mechanism just described will permit perfect balancing of the machine at all times, and render the effect of conflicting air currents unnoticeable during flight.

Certain of the vertically extending rods 16, perform a double function. The forward rod upon each side of the machine is secured to the frame by means of a bracket 31, the lower member 32 of this rod depending beneath said bracket. A collar 33 is mounted so as to slide vertically upon the portion 32 and has pivotally secured thereto one of the wheel supports 34. The next or adjacent rods 16 extend to a point 35 where they are bent to form horizontal extensions 36, these extensions being secured to brackets 37 A collar 38 is likewise loosely mounted upon the extension 36, this collar however, slides horizontally and not vertically as does the collar 33. Another wheel support 39 is pivotally mounted upon the collar 38 and extends, as does support 34, to a point where it is loosely mounted upon the axle 40 of the front wheels 41 of the machine.

A somewhat simple arrangement is employed in connection with the mounting of the rear wheels 42, one of the supports 43 however in this instance is pivotally secured as at 44 to a lug provided upon the under face of the frame. The other support 45 is pivotally secured to a collar 46 vertically slidable upon a portion 47 of the rear rod 16, the same being attached to the frame through the medium of the brackets 48.

Spiral springs 49 are mounted upon the portions 32 and 47 and a similar spring 50 is mounted upon the extensions 36, these springs being disposed in such a manner as to receive the shock or jolt that would be otherwise received by the machine itself during the lighting or landing of the same.

From the above taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that the cooperation of the several parts embodied in my invention will produce a well balanced, safe and reliable machine, the landing of which is accomplished without the jar or shock ordinarily attending; and that the angular disposition of the several propellers is such as to efiect the desired motion of the machine.

It is thought, from the foregoing that the advantages and novel features of my invention will be readily comprehended.

I desire it to be understood that I may make slight changes in the construction and in the arrangement and combination of the several parts upon the practical application of the invention, provided however, such changes fall within the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a flying machine, a frame, a plurality of rods mounted on the frame, planes pivotally mounted upon each pair of rods, a pair'of horizontally extending rods to which certain of the planes are pivotally connected, segmental racks supported by the frame, and means connecting said racks with said horizontally extending rods, said means being actuable to vertically adjust all of the said planes.

2. In a flying machine, a frame, rods arranged in pairs to extend vertically above the frame, planes secured to the respective pairs of rods, pivoted segmental racks mounted on the frame, and means mounted on the frame and engaging the racks, said means being operable from a point within the main frame to simultaneously and vertically adjust all of the planes, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a device of the character described,

HCHUWHU l IUU the combination of a frame, a plurality of vertically extending parallel rods carried by said frame, a pair of parallel planes pivotally mounted upon each pair of said vertically extending rods, a pair of horizontally extending rods to which certain of said planes are pivotally connected, segmental racks pivotally mounted upon brackets carried by said frame, means for connecting said racks with said horizontally extending rods and means including worm gears carried by said frame for operating said racks from within the said frame for vertically adjusting all of said planes, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with an aeroplane, a frame, wheels mounted upon said frame, a plurality of vertically extending rods carried by said frame, a plurality of parallel planes adjustably mounted upon said rods above the said frame, means including a pair of horizontally extending rods for adjusting all of said planes, spring controlled collars slidably mounted upon the lower extremities of certain of said vertically extending rods and means for connecting the said collars to the said wheels whereby vertical movement is imparted to the latter during landing of the machine, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with an aeroplane, a frame, a plurality of propellers carried by said frame, wheels supported upon said frame, a plurality of vertically extending parallel rods carried by said frame, a pair of parallel planes pivotally mounted upon each pair of said vertically extending rods, a pair of horizontally extending rods to which certain of said planes are pivotally mounted, segmental racks supported by and above said frame, means including links connecting said segmental racks to one of the said horizontally extending rods and means including worm gears carried by said frame,

whereby all of said planes are vertically adjusted by the operation of said gears, a plurality of spring controlled collars carried upon the lower extremity of certain of said vertically extending rods and means including a plurality of wheel supports certain of which are pivotally mounted to said collars whereby vertical movement may be imparted to the said wheels during the landing of the machine, as and for the purpose set forth.

s raasmaa 6. In combination with an aeroplane, a supporting frame, planes disposed above the said frame, a longitudinally extending operating frame to which certain of the said planes are pivotally connected, segmental racks supported by and above the said supporting frame, means connecting the said racks with the said operating frame, and means for operating the said racks from the frame interior to provide for the vertical adjustment of the planes, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In combination with an aeroplane, a frame, a plurality of vertically extending parallel rods secured thereto, a right angled extension formed upon certain of the said rods, spring pressed collars arranged for sliding movement upon certain of the said rods and the right angled extensions, and means including a plurality of rods depending from the said collars beneath the said frame to provide a cushion support for the aeroplane when upon the ground, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In combination with an aeroplane, a frame, a plurality of vertically extending parallel rods carried by the said frame, right angled extensions formed at the base of certain of the said rods, a plurality of planes supported by the said rods above the said frame, the said planes being arranged in pairs, one pair of planes being pivotally secured to certain of the said rods, the planes of each pair being disposed one directly above the other, means connecting the planes of each pair to maintain the same in parallel spaced relation, a longitupose set forth.

' AUGUST J. KLONECK. Witnesses:

HERMAN BRINKLETT, WILLIAM MARTIN JAooBI.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

